The tcsh command shell of Darwin (the open source core of OSX) alias Create an alias alloc List used and free memory awk Find and Replace text within file(s) basename Convert a full pathname to just a folder path bash Bourne-Again SHell (Linux) bless Set volume bootability and startup disk options. break Exit from a loop cal Display a calendar case Conditionally perform a command
cat Display the contents of a file cd Change Directory chflags Change a file or folder's flags.
chgrp Change group ownership
chmod Change access permissions
chown Change file owner and group chroot Run a command with a different root directory
cksum Print CRC checksum and byte counts clear Clear terminal screen cmp Compare two files comm Compare two sorted files line by line complete Edit a command completion [word/pattern/list] continue Resume the next iteration of a loop
cp ...
GRUB loads itself into memory in the following stages: 1. The Stage 1 or primary boot loader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR1. The primary boot loader exists on less than 512 bytes ofdisk space within the MBR and is capable of loading either the Stage 1.5 or Stage 2 boot loader. 2. The Stage 1.5 boot loader is read into memory by the Stage 1 boot loader, if necessary. Some hardware requires an intermediate step to get to the Stage 2 boot loader. This is sometimes true when the /boot/ partition is above the 1024 cylinder head of the hard drive or when using LBA mode. The Stage 1.5 boot loader is found either on the /boot/ partition or on a small part of the MBR and the /boot/ partition. 3. The Stage 2 or secondary boot loader is read into memory. The secondary boot loader displays the GRUB menu and command environment. This interface allows the user to select which kernel or operating system to boot, pass arguments to the kernel, or look at system parameters. 4. The sec...
If an ACL has been set on any file on a given file system that files system has the ext_attr attribute. This attribute can be seen using the following command: tune2fs -l A file system that has acquired the ext_attr attribute can be mounted with older kernels, but those kernels do not enforce any ACLs which have been set. Versions of the e2fsck utility included in version 1.22 and higher of the e2fsprogs package (including the versions in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 and 4) can check a file system with the ext_attr attribute. Older versions refuse to check it.
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